What are the topics in ethical hacking?

Ethical hacking is a sector in which an organisation employs certified ethical hackers to breach
their electrical and computer security systems in order to identify and fix flaws, discrepancies,
loopholes, and vulnerabilities. To find and correct system weaknesses and vulnerabilities,
Certified Ethical Hackers (CEH) employ the same tools and tactics as hackers. The length of the
course will vary depending on which institute you apply to.


A certification course in ethical hacking will cover a variety of topics. Individual institutions
determine how subjects are divided to be researched. Viruses, Worms, Linux Hacking, Physical
Security, Session Hijacking, Footprints, Legitimacy, and Ethics are some of the topics covered in
Ethical Hacking. Google Hacking, Scanning, Enumeration, Networking and Basics, System
Hacking, Windows Hacking, Web Server Hacking, Trojans and Backdoors, Proxy Servers,
Phishing, Social Engineering, Snoopers, Denial of Service Attacks, and LDAP enumeration are
just a few of the other topics covered.


Terrorist organisations fund cybercriminals to compromise national security features, insert
enormous amounts of malware, extort large sums of money, or break security measures at the
start of international hostilities. Organizations confront issues such as updating hack prevention
methods and implementing various technologies to secure the system before it is hacked as a
result of the gradual increase in cybercrime. The major beneficiaries are new worms, malware,
viruses, and ransomware, which multiply on a daily basis, necessitating the usage of ethical
hacking services to secure company, government, and defence networks.

General Topics in Ethical Hacking


● An Introduction to Ethical Hacking


“Ethical hacking” is a technique for finding vulnerabilities in computers and networks and
detecting dangers. An ethical hacker discovers security flaws or gaps in a computer, web
application, or network and informs the organisation.


● Footprinting and Reconnaissance


Footprinting (also known as queries) is a technique that collects data on computer systems and
the organisations that employ them. Hackers can use a variety of tools and technologies to get
this information. A hacker aiming to take down a whole system would benefit greatly from this
information.
During military operations, reconnaissance, often known as scouting, is the process of scanning
an area for information about enemy operations, territory, and other activities.


● Network scanning


The practice of locating active devices on a network, flagging them, and waiting for a response
using a feature or features of the network protocol is known as network scanning. The majority
of network analytics are used for monitoring and administration nowadays, but they can also be
utilized to discover vulnerable network components or users.


● Enumeration


An enumeration is a full and well-organized list of all the elements of a collection. A list of all
the components of a set is referred to as a “set” in mathematics and computer science.


● SQL injection,


SQL injection, often known as SQLI, is a typical attack vector that involves manipulating the
back-end database with malicious SQL code to get access to data that was not intended to be
displayed. This data could encompass everything from sensitive company data to user lists to
personal customer information.


● System hacking


System hacking is the penetration of computer systems and software in order to obtain access to
a target machine and steal or misuse sensitive data. Malware and attackers find and exploit a
computer system’s vulnerability to obtain unauthorized access.


● Malware Treats


Malware is intrusive software that is meant to wreak havoc on computers and systems. The term
“malware” is an abbreviation for “malicious software.” Viruses, worms, Trojan horses, spyware,
adware, and ransomware are all examples of prevalent malware.


● Sniffing


In the context of network security, a sniffing attack is combined with data theft or interception.A
sniffer can read the contents of a network packet if the data packets are not encrypted when
transmitting data over networks.


● Social engineering


The term “social engineering” refers to a wide range of malevolent behaviors, including human
intervention. It employs psychological tricks to persuade users to make security mistakes or
divulge critical information.


● Denial-of-Service


A denial-of-service attack is a cyber attack that seeks to render a computer or network resource
inaccessible to its intended users by stopping the services of a host connected to a network, either
momentarily or forever.


● Session Hijacking


Session hijacking, also known as TCP session hijacking, is a technique in which a web user
discreetly obtains a session ID and gains access to the session.


● Cryptography


Cryptography, often known as cryptology, is the study and practice of secure communication
techniques in the face of adversity.


● Web servers


Web servers are computers that run an operating system and are linked to a database that
contains multiple applications. Web server assaults can be caused by any weakness in the
applications, database, operating system, or network.


● Hacking Web Applications.


Web hacking, in general, refers to the manipulation of programmes using the Hypertext Transfer
Protocol (HTTP), which manipulates the application via its graphical web interface, by altering
the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), or by exploiting HTTP components.


● IOT (Internet of Things)


The Internet of Things refers to physical items that are equipped with sensors, computing
capabilities, software, and other technologies and can communicate with other devices and
systems over the Internet or other communication networks.


Ethical hacking’s main value is that it prevents hostile attackers from stealing and misusing data,
as well as detecting weaknesses from an attacker’s perspective so that they can be fixed. Create a
secure network to avoid security breaches.